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5G Core network have lots of functions and interfaces between those functions. When user connects a 5G core network, most of the processes are handled by different and separate functions. For example network functions explored by NRF, user's session handled by SMF, network sliced by NSSF, and data is routed by PCF. Control Interfaces (Control Plane):

There are dashed lines and straight lines on the image given above Picture on page "[3] 5G Core Architecture (Essential)". Dashed lines means user cannot access those layers/interfaces and those interfaces are used to gather information or handle some processes. As you can see on the image, APIs is written on the dashed lines. This is a pretty good definition. They are some discrete functions and communicate with APIs and report the situation/data. AMF is one of the core function in 5G core network. We can call it as brain of the network. It handles the jobs and communicates with related functions and gathers information; like a brain.

AMF is crucial but it is worthless without other functions. For example SMF handles user's session, and UPF handles the routing and they both handles 5QI. For more detailed information you can examine the following link.

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